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Lance Edward Armstrong (né Gunderson; born September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist. He gained international fame by winning the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005, but was later stripped of these titles due to doping violations uncovered in the Lance Armstrong doping case. Consequently, Armstrong is banned for life from all sanctioned cycling events.

Armstrong began his athletic career as a triathlete at age 16 and won national sprint-course triathlon championships in 1989 and 1990. He turned professional in 1992, joining the Motorola team, and achieved success from 1993 to 1996, winning the World Championship in 1993, the Clásica de San Sebastián in 1995, Tour DuPont in 1995 and 1996, and securing several stage victories in Europe, including stage 8 of the 1993 Tour de France and stage 18 of the 1995 Tour de France. In 1996, Armstrong was diagnosed with metastatic testicular cancer, which he successfully overcame. He subsequently founded the Lance Armstrong Foundation (now the Livestrong Foundation) to support cancer survivors.

Armstrong returned to cycling in 1998 with the US Postal/Discovery team, winning his seven Tour de France titles from 1999 to 2005. After retiring at the end of the 2005 Tour de France, he made a comeback with the Astana team in January 2009, finishing third in the 2009 Tour de France. Between 2010 and 2011, he raced with Team Radio Shack before retiring for the second time in 2011.

Doping allegations began surfacing after Armstrong's 1999 Tour de France victory, which he consistently denied. However, in 2012, the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) concluded that Armstrong had used performance-enhancing drugs throughout his career and identified him as the leader of "the most sophisticated, professionalized, and successful doping program that sport has ever seen." Armstrong chose not to contest the charges, citing the toll on his family, and received a lifetime ban from all sports adhering to the World Anti-Doping Code. The International Cycling Union (UCI) upheld USADA's decision, and his stripped wins were not reallocated to other riders. In January 2013, Armstrong publicly admitted to doping. In April 2018, he settled a civil lawsuit with the United States Department of Justice, agreeing to pay $5 million to the U.S. government following whistleblower proceedings initiated by former team member Floyd Landis.

Lance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971, in Plano, Texas, USA. His birth name was Lance Edward Gunderson, but he later adopted his stepfather Terry Armstrong's surname. Lance's mother, Linda Gayle, was a secretary, and she raised him primarily on her own after divorcing his biological father, Eddie Charles Gunderson, when Lance was just two years old. Linda's influence and determination were significant factors in shaping Lance's character and resilience.

From a young age, Lance displayed an affinity for sports and physical activity. He began running and swimming competitively at the age of 10, and by 13, he had turned his focus to triathlons, a sport that combines swimming, cycling, and running. His natural talent and hard work paid off quickly; at 16, he became a professional triathlete, winning the national sprint-course triathlon championship in 1989 and 1990.

Lance attended Plano East Senior High School, where his focus on sports continued to flourish. His rigorous training schedule often conflicted with his academic responsibilities, but he managed to balance both, demonstrating early signs of his exceptional work ethic and commitment. Though he was not the most academically inclined student, his determination in sports hinted at the competitive spirit that would later define his career.

After high school, Armstrong’s athletic potential caught the attention of the United States Olympic Development team, which led him to focus more intensively on cycling. He joined the U.S. National Cycling Team and moved to Colorado Springs, Colorado, for better training opportunities. His early experiences with the national team were challenging, but they also solidified his resolve to succeed in professional cycling.

Lance Armstrong's professional cycling career began in earnest in the early 1990s. After his success in amateur competitions, he turned professional in 1992, joining the Motorola Cycling Team. His early years as a professional cyclist were marked by significant achievements and challenges.

In 1993, Armstrong won his first major professional race, the World Road Race Championship, in Oslo, Norway. This victory made him the youngest cyclist to win the championship and showcased his potential on the international stage. That same year, he also won a stage of the Tour de France, further establishing himself as a rising star in the cycling world.

Armstrong's aggressive racing style and determination quickly made him a fan favorite. However, his career faced a significant setback in 1996 when he was diagnosed with advanced testicular cancer. The cancer had spread to his lungs, abdomen, and brain, leading to a grim prognosis. Despite the odds, Armstrong underwent aggressive treatment, including surgery and chemotherapy. His recovery was nothing short of miraculous, and he declared himself cancer-free in 1997.

After his recovery, Armstrong's career took an extraordinary turn. In 1998, he joined the U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team and began his preparation for the Tour de France. The following year, he made a triumphant return to the Tour, winning the 1999 edition. This victory marked the beginning of an unprecedented streak, as Armstrong went on to win the Tour de France seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.

Armstrong's dominance in the Tour de France was unparalleled. He became known for his exceptional climbing abilities, time-trial performances, and tactical acumen. His victories were not only a testament to his physical prowess but also his mental fortitude. He became a symbol of resilience and triumph over adversity, inspiring millions around the world.

However, Armstrong's career was not without controversy. Throughout his dominance in the Tour de France, allegations of doping and performance-enhancing drug use persisted. Armstrong vehemently denied these accusations, maintaining his innocence and portraying himself as a clean athlete. Despite numerous investigations and inquiries, he continued to compete and win.

In 2012, Armstrong's career and reputation faced a severe blow when the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) released a report detailing extensive evidence of his involvement in a sophisticated doping program. The report included testimonies from former teammates and associates, revealing the systematic use of performance-enhancing drugs and other illicit practices.

In response to the USADA report, Armstrong was stripped of his seven Tour de France titles and banned from professional cycling for life. The revelations shocked the sports world and led to a significant fall from grace for the once-revered champion. Armstrong eventually admitted to doping in a televised interview with Oprah Winfrey in 2013, acknowledging his use of banned substances throughout his career.

Despite the controversies, Armstrong's impact on the sport of cycling and his contributions to cancer awareness and research cannot be overlooked. He founded the Lance Armstrong Foundation (now known as the Livestrong Foundation) in 1997, which has raised millions of dollars for cancer research and support for cancer patients.

Lance Armstrong's legacy is a complex and multifaceted one, marked by extraordinary achievements, personal triumphs, and profound controversies. His story serves as both an inspiration and a cautionary tale, highlighting the heights of human potential and the consequences of ethical lapses.

Armstrong's seven Tour de France victories, once considered one of the greatest achievements in sports, have been officially expunged from the record books. However, the impact of those victories on the sport of cycling and the broader public consciousness remains significant. His dominance in the Tour de France inspired a generation of cyclists and brought unprecedented attention to the sport, particularly in the United States.

The controversy surrounding Armstrong's doping scandal has had a lasting impact on professional cycling. It led to increased scrutiny and more rigorous anti-doping measures within the sport. Armstrong's case highlighted the pervasive issue of doping in professional sports and underscored the need for transparency, accountability, and integrity. While his actions tarnished his personal reputation, they also prompted meaningful reforms aimed at ensuring a cleaner and fairer competitive environment.

Beyond the realm of cycling, Armstrong's battle with cancer and subsequent advocacy work have left a lasting legacy. The Livestrong Foundation, which he founded in 1997, has been instrumental in supporting cancer patients and funding cancer research. The iconic yellow Livestrong wristbands became a global symbol of hope and resilience, raising millions of dollars and awareness for cancer-related causes. Although Armstrong's personal reputation suffered due to the doping scandal, the foundation continues to have a positive impact on countless lives.

Armstrong's story also serves as a reminder of the importance of ethical conduct in sports and beyond. His rise and fall illustrate the consequences of unethical behavior and the long-term damage it can inflict on an individual's legacy. While his physical and mental toughness are commendable, his actions also underscore the need for integrity and honesty in all aspects of life.

Looking to the future, Armstrong has sought to rebuild his life and contribute positively to society. He has engaged in various entrepreneurial ventures and continues to be involved in philanthropic efforts. Armstrong has expressed remorse for his past actions and has sought to make amends by using his platform to advocate for cancer awareness and support for those affected by the disease.

In recent years, Armstrong has also explored new avenues, including podcasting and media work. His podcast, "The Forward," features interviews with notable figures from various fields, reflecting his desire to engage with a broader audience and share meaningful stories. Through these endeavors, Armstrong aims to leverage his experiences and insights to inspire and inform others.

While Armstrong's legacy will always be intertwined with controversy, it is essential to recognize the broader impact of his life and career. His journey from a young athlete in Texas to a global icon and his subsequent fall from grace offer valuable lessons about resilience, redemption, and the complexities of human nature.

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