Was the Nixon Shock (loosening the link between the dollar and gold) in 1971 actually an (unexpected) shock?

Was the Nixon Shock (loosening the link between the dollar and gold) in 1971 actually an (unexpected) shock

At the same time, cashless (digital) securities trading was established (in the Netherlands, the Cashless Securities Transactions Act was introduced in 1977 by Wim Duisenberg). 

Ginnie Mae was founded in 1968 and the first securitization (packaging and selling large bundles of mortgage loans) took place in 1970. The trade in cashless (digital) securities was 'born'. 

Collateral no longer consisted of gold, but of (packaged or unpackaged) (government) debts and other book-entry securities. Trading in so-called repos (simply put: 

borrowing money or securities in exchange for book-entry collateral) as a means to manage liquidity emerged. After the Nixon Shock, central banks, including the Federal Reserve, began to make (more) 

use of open market operations, including OTC derivatives and repos, to influence the money supply and interest rates. This meant that repos were not only a tool for

financial institutions to manage liquidity, but also became a crucial part of monetary policy. At the beginning of this century, the Collateral Directive was issued in the EU, which - together with the construction of the EU collateral system (2006 - ready in the first quarter of 2025) - forms the basis of the Worst Bank Scenario that should lead to 'global liquidity' and the finalization of the European (debt) union. The credit crisis was not unexpected, but was caused by the banking model with OTC derivatives.

In the EU, a temporary guarantee scheme was set up by the EC/ECB in 2008 to conceal the enormous collateral shortages of banks' OTC derivatives. However, ABN, Rabobank and ING refrained from this state aid at the last minute because they received these guarantees from the pension funds through the ABP and PFZW pension funds. These bancassurers were rescued through our pension pots via an illegal collateral carousel. Central bank repo transactions (purchase programs) provided liquidity, which banks in turn used as collateral (management) for their OTC derivatives. Will Trump complete Bush's work (2008: Transatlantic plan and 'Bretton Woods 2.0')? The new blockchain (DLT) “Bank Model 3.0” (term in Worst Bank Scenario) is already ready. The wholesale CBDC has been tested by the Bank of England since 2021 (Sunak, from Goldman Sachs, was then Minister of Finance). Read Worst Bank Scenario and discover how a new Bretton Woods 2.0 was rolled out by the G20 in 2008 with this 'repo market' and how our pension pots were abused for this. The pension transition is part of this scenario. Gold has been purchased again by (central) banks since 2007 because it is included in the OTC and repo regulations as 'suitable' collateral and in practice is used as 'cover' (collateral mix) for, among other things, the value losses of the purchased bonds (liquidity management).